語言是社會的產(chǎn)物。任何語言都在隨著社會的發(fā)展而發(fā)展。其中一個突出的傾向,就是簡化。例如英語有些慣用語中的小小成分就可以省略不用,趨向于較簡單的形式。
以下便是些慣用語某些成分可以被合法省略的例子:
⒈定冠詞 the 的省略,如:
● pull the strings→pull strings:通過人事用其影響力
● the long and the short of……→the long and short of……:總而言之
● if the worst comes to the worst→if worst comes to worst :大不了
● to go through the proper channels→to go through proper channels:通過正常渠道
⒉不定冠詞的省略,如:
● in a great measure→in great measure:在很大程度上
● at a breakneck speed→at breakneck speed:以驚險速度
⒊名詞復(fù)數(shù)符號的省略,如:
● to rack one’s brains→to rack one’s brain:絞盡腦汁
● in the interests of……→in the interest of:為了……利益起見
⒋所有格代名詞的省略,如:
● to save one’s face→to save face:保存面子
● to take one’s leave of→to take leave:請假
⒌返身代詞的省略,如:
● to stand oneself aloof from→to stand aloof from:遠(yuǎn)離
● to adapt oneself to→to adapt to:適應(yīng)
⒍形容詞的省略,如:
● to make both ends meet→to make ends meet:收支平衡
● to take one’s own life→to take one’s life :犧牲自己
● to hit the right nail on the head→to hit the nail on the head:做對、答對
● at long last→at last:終于
⒎介詞的省略,如:
● to take to flight→to take flight:逃之夭夭
● at full length→full length:詳細(xì)地
⒏副詞的省略,如:
● to have too many irons in the fire→to have many irons in the fire:要做的事太多
● to put out to sea→to put to sea:啟航
⒐“As”及其他詞語的省略,如:
● as regular as clockwork→regular as clockwork:很準(zhǔn)時地
● as blind as a bat→blind as a bat:視力不良
● his word is as good as his bond→His word is his bond:重視諾言