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今天和大家分享的是英語特殊句式-There be句型，還沒有掌握的同學(xué)趕快看一下吧!

there be 句型基本認(rèn)識

1、定義：There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人。2、結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點(diǎn)狀語.(2) There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語.

注意事項(xiàng)： there是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，翻譯時(shí)也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物，謂語動詞be要與主語(某人或某物)的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞時(shí)，謂語動詞要與跟它最近的那個(gè)名詞一致。如：① There is a bird in the tree. 樹上有一只鳥。② There is a teacher and many students in ourclassroom. 我們教室里有一位老師和許多學(xué)生。③ There are two boysand a girl under the tree. 樹下有兩個(gè)男孩，一個(gè)女孩。

02、there be 句型考點(diǎn)

考點(diǎn)一：各種句型轉(zhuǎn)化。

1、變成否定There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，nota/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.。例如： ①There are some pictures on the wall.→There aren’t any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. ②There is a bike behind the tree. →There isn’t a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.

2、變成一般疑問句There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問號即可。但同時(shí)要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí)，要將其改為any(否定變化也一樣)。①There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars? ②There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water?

3、特殊疑問句對主語提問：當(dāng)主語是人的時(shí)候，則用who 引導(dǎo)，當(dāng)主語是物的時(shí)候，則用what引導(dǎo)。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對之提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來決定)。如：①There are many things over there.→What’s over there? ②There is a little girl in theroom.→Who is in the room?對地點(diǎn)狀語提問：則用where 引導(dǎo)。如：①There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer? ②There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?對數(shù)量提問：般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)： How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語? How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語?

考點(diǎn)二：there be 句型的時(shí)態(tài)。be可以有現(xiàn)在時(shí)(there is/are)過去時(shí)(there was/were)將來時(shí)(there is/are going to be或there will be)完成時(shí)(there have/has been)還可用there must be ,there can’t be, there used to be等。①--There ___ a concert this evening. --Yeah.Exciting news!

A. are going to be B. is going to be C. is going to have D.will have答案：B

考點(diǎn)三：there be 句型反意疑問句的構(gòu)成：be (not) there? 如：There is some milk in the bottle, ____? A.isn’t there B.aren’t there C.isn’t it D.are there答案：A

考點(diǎn)四：there be 句型的主謂一致：There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動詞要和后面所跟名詞保持一致,遵循就近原則。如：1.There___any rice in the bowl.A. are B.is C. isn’t D. aren’t 2.There ___ many apples on the tree last year.A. have been B.were C. are D.is 考點(diǎn)五：there be 句型用的其他動詞：there be 句型中有時(shí)不用動詞be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie,seem to be , happen to be ,等。如：There ____ a knife and a forkon the table. (2007黃岡)A. seems to be B. seem to be C. is seeming to be D. are剖析：根據(jù)就近原則，首先排除B、D，而 there be 句型中有時(shí)不用動詞be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie,seem to be等，所以答案應(yīng)從A、C中選。感官動詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)，故C也不正確。

注意事項(xiàng)：there be 句型與have句型的區(qū)別(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區(qū)別如下：There be表示“某處存在某物或某人”;have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，它表示所有、擁有關(guān)系。 如:He has two sons. 他有兩個(gè)兒子。There are two men in the office. 辦公室里有兩個(gè)男人。(2)當(dāng)have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時(shí)，There be 句型與其可互換。如：A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一個(gè)星期有七天。

03、There be 句型其他用法

1、There be后接表示物的主語時(shí)，后面常接不定式作定語，不定式常用主動形式表示被動意義。There is a lot of work to do. 有許多工作要做(工作被做)。

2、There be后接表示人或動物的主語時(shí)，后面長接V-ing形式作定語。There are some children playing downstairs. 幾個(gè)孩子在樓下玩呢。

3、與其他詞連用，構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。如：◆ There may be a heavy rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能有一場大雨。◆ There used to be a cinema here before the war. 戰(zhàn)前這里有一個(gè)電影院。◆ There happened to be a man walking by. 恰好有一個(gè)人從旁經(jīng)過。

4、There be結(jié)構(gòu)中的be根據(jù)所表達(dá)的句意需要，可用live, stand, remain等代替。如：◆ There seems[appears] something the matter with her. 她好像是出了什么事似的。◆ There existed different opinions on this issue. 對這個(gè)問題曾有不同看法。◆ There remained just twenty-eight pounds. 只剩28英鎊了。

5、There be結(jié)構(gòu)的反意疑問句應(yīng)與there be對應(yīng)，而不是依據(jù)主語。如：◆ There is a radio on the table, isn’t there? 桌上有臺收音機(jī)，是嗎?◆ There aren’t any fish in the river, are there? 河里沒有魚，是吧?