Japan fought on Sunday to avert a meltdown at two earthquake-crippled nuclear reactors. The second hydrogen explosion in three days rocked Japan’s stricken Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant Monday, sending a massive column of smoke into the air and wounding 6 workers. The massive quake and tsunami, which may have killed more than 10,000 people, is being described as the nation’s biggest crisis since World War II. The country is struggling to respond to a disaster of epic proportions, with millions of people without water or power and whole towns wiped off the map. The Japanese Meteorological Agency upgraded the magnitude of Friday’s massive earthquake from 8.8 to 9.0, the strongest ever recorded in Japan.
上周日,日本政府全力奮戰,避免地震中受損的兩座核反應堆熔毀。本周一,福島第一核電站再次發生氫氣爆炸,這是地震發生三天來的第二次爆炸。一股濃煙騰空升起,造成6名工人受傷。據悉,本次強震和海嘯死亡人數可能已逾1萬,堪稱日本自二戰后最大的一場危機。日本政府正在全力應對這場史無前例的災難。目前數百萬人斷水、斷電,幾座城鎮被海嘯吞沒。日本氣象廳把上周五地震的震級由原來的里氏8.8級調整為9.0級,是日本有史以來最嚴重的一次地震災害。
目前,日本本國以及各國救援隊正在加緊救援,希望災難中的人們早日被解救出來。我們也來學習一下跟地震有關的英語知識。
表示地震,最常用的是earthquake,還可以用quake,shake,shock,tremor,temblor [美語] (pl. -s, -blores )來表示。形容地震的破壞程度,可以用下面的詞:
damage 損害,損傷;〔口語〕傷害,毀壞。
destroy 毀壞,破壞;摧殘。
shatter 破壞;搗毀;破滅。
devastate 蹂躪,破壞;使荒廢;毀滅。
level 推倒,夷平。
flatten 夷為平地。
上文中的magnitude(A measure of the amount of energy released by an earthquake, as indicated on the Richter Scale里氏震級中用以衡量地震強度的單位)就是“震級”,而epicenter(the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake)指的就是“地震中心”或“震中”。除此之外,還有幾個地震相關的專業詞匯:
seismology 地震學
epicenter 震中
tsunami 海嘯
death toll 死亡人數
evacuation 撤離
tremor 顫動,震動
aftershock 余震
magnitude 震級
wreckage 殘骸
survivors 幸存者
rescue team 救援小組