為了避免重復，句子，中某些部分常可省略。句子常可省略的有下列各部分：

1)省掉主語(多限于少數現成說法)

Thank you for your help.謝謝你的幫助。

See you tomorrow.明天見。

2)省掉謂語動詞和表語等

a)省掉謂語動詞

Some of us study Russian，others English.我們有的學俄語，有的學英語。(others后省掉study)

He got up earlier than I today.他今天起得比我早。(I后省掉got up)

On the right hand of Tian’anmen Square stands the Great Hall of the People，and on the left，the Museum of

Chinese history ***廣場的右邊是人民大會堂，左邊是中國歷史博物館。

(On the left后省掉stands)

b)省掉連系動詞

Ma Lin is a bus-driver，his wife a conductor.馬林是女共汽車司機，他的妻子是售票員。(his wife后省掉is)

His face is tanned and his hands big and strong.他的臉曬得很黑，他的雙手大而有力。(hands后省掉are)

Gold is more expensive than silver.金子比銀子更貴重。(silver后省掉is)

She is as tall as I.她和我一般高。(I后省掉am)

Are you ready? －Yes，I am.你準備好了嗎?——是，準備好了。(am后省掉ready)

3)同時省掉句子幾個部分有時好幾個句子成分都被省掉，特別在表示比較的狀語從句中，在對疑問句的簡略回答中，以及在反意疑

問句或選擇疑問句中。如：

In winter it is colder in Beijing than in Guangzhou.北京的冬天比廣州冷。(than后省略 it is)

She pledged herself to complete her father’s unfinished task，whatever the cost.她立誓不管付出多大代價，也要完成

她父親未完成的事業。(the cost之后省略主語和謂語動詞it was)

When did you read the play?——Long age.(= I read it long ago.)你什么時候讀的這個劇本?——很久以前。

Have you ever been to xinjiang? ——Never.(= I have never been there.)你到過新疆嗎?——從來沒有。

You are a repair worker，aren’t you?(=aren’t you a repair worker?)你是修理工，不是嗎?

Has he gone or not?(= Has he gone or has he not gone?)他走了沒有?

[注一]在if, when，though，as，as if(好像)等連詞引導的從句中，如果從句中的主要動詞是be，可以將主語和動詞be省掉。

如：

When you do this exercise，make changes in the sentence structure when (if) necessary.做這個練習時，必要時可以改動

句子結構。(when或it之后省掉it is)

He is very good at painting，though very young.(= though he is very young)他雖然年紀很輕，但很會畫畫。

The boy looked as if afraid of nothing·( = as if he were afraid of nothing)那男孩看來好像什么都不怕。

上述例句中的省略從句，除if (when) necessary等成語外，其主語均須和主句的主語相同。

[注二]在下面的句子中，動詞不定式符號to的后面省去了動詞原形及其以后的部分。如：

You may go with them if you want to.你愿意的話，也可以和他們一起去。(to后省去go with them)

Will you be able to come? －I’d love to. But I’m busy.你來嗎?——我倒很想來，可是我現在有事。(to后省去come)