There is a right way to read a book for pleasure, and a right way to read a book for learning. You can read a book for pleasure one time through and be just fine. You’ll get all you need out of that one reading—which is pleasure.
對于以娛樂為目的的閱讀和以學習為目的的閱讀，都有各自適合的閱讀方法。你可以放松地讀一本書，并且你會從書本中享受閱讀的快樂。
However, it is harmful to assume that you should approach academic reading the same way. In order to read and comprehend a book or article for school, you need to be much more intentional and strategic. That is, if you want to earn a good grade!
然而，對于學習為目的的閱讀，這樣的方式卻是行不通的。學習中，為了閱讀并且理解一本學習用的書或者文章，你需要更有意識更有策略。也就是說，如果想得到一個好成績，就需要這樣做。
Understand genres and themes.
理解分類和主題。
In most reading tests, the student is asked to read a passage and predict what might happen next. Prediction is a common reading comprehension strategy. The purpose for this strategy is to make sure you’re able to infer information from the clues in the text.
在許多閱讀測試中，要求學生閱讀文章并且預測接下來會發生什么。預測是一種常見的閱讀理解策略，其目的就是確定你是否可以根據文章中的線索推測接下來的事情。
It is important to know something about the type of text you’re reading, whether it is a nonfiction or a work of fiction. Understanding the genre of a book helps you make predictions about the action--which helps you comprehend the action.
了解文章的類型是非常重要的，不管是非小說作品還是小說作品。了解文章的類型可以幫助你預測接下來的情形，也幫助你理解情境。
Read with tools.
借助工具閱讀
Any time you read to learn (and not for pleasure), you should use active reading skills. There are good tools to use as you read, and there are tools that are not so good to use.
在學習式閱讀中（不是娛樂閱讀），你應該使用有效的閱讀技巧。在閱讀時有好的工具，也有一些不如意的工具。
A pencil is a good tool. You can use a pencil to make annotations in the margins of your text without doing any permanent damage to the text.
鉛筆是一種好工具，你可以使用鉛筆在邊緣處做注釋，并且不會給書本造成永久的損害。
Another good tool is a pack of sticky notes. Use your notes to jot down thoughts, impressions, predictions, and questions as you read.
另外一個好工具是一包便利貼。在閱讀時使用便利貼簡略記下你的想法、感受、預測和問題。
A highlighter, on the other hand, can be a really bad tool. Not only do you create some serious damage when you highlight a book, you also give yourself the false impression that you have accomplished anything significant by doing so.
另一方面，記號筆可能會是一種糟糕的工具，不僅僅會對書本造成嚴重的損害，還會帶給自己一種已經完成了一些重要任務的假象（可能實際上并沒有）。
The only thing you accomplish by highlighting is marking passages that you may want to read again. But if a passage impresses you enough to highlight it, you must indicate why it impresses you. Otherwise, you will go back to read isolated sentences and try to remember why they were important.
記下一些你想要重新閱讀的段落是唯一一件可以通過標記號來有效完成的事。但是如果一段文字令你印象非常深刻想要標記出來，你必須寫明這段話為什么吸引你。否則，你可能會將注意力返回到其中某個單句上，或者花費時間來回憶這些句子為什么重要。
Work the vocabulary skills.
運用詞匯技巧
It’s a no-brainer that you should take the time to identify and look up new and unfamiliar words as you read. But it’s important to make a log book of those new words, and revisit them long after you’ve finished reading that book.
在閱讀中，查找并確認新的和不熟悉的詞匯是件容易的事情，但準備一個本子來記錄這些新詞，并且在讀完書本后回顧這些新詞也是非常重要的。
The more we study a subject, the more it sinks in. Be sure to keep a log book of new words and visit it often!
我們對一門課學習得越多，吸收的知識就越多。一定要準備一個筆記本來記錄新詞并常常溫習。
Analyze the title (and subtitles).
分析標題（和副標題）
The title is often the last thing to be adjusted once a writer has finished writing.Writers edit the text and identify themes, make predictions, and make notations galore.
題目通常是作者寫完文章后需要調整的部分。作者編輯文字并且確認主題，作出預測，并做出許多注釋。
Many writers are surprised by the twists and turns that come from the creative process.
許多作者都會對創作過程的曲折和轉變感到驚訝。
This is why, once a text is completed, the writer may reflect on the true message or purpose as a final step and come up with a new title. This means you can use the title as a clue to help you understand the message or purpose of your text.
這也是為什么文章完成后，作者會把回顧傳達的真實信息和目標作為最后一步，同時想一個新的標題。這意味著你可以以標題作為線索來幫助你理解文章的內容和目的。
聲明：本雙語文章的中文翻譯系滬江英語原創內容，轉載請注明出處。中文翻譯僅代表譯者個人觀點，僅供參考。如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。
