一、混淆定語(yǔ)從句與并列句
請(qǐng)看下面兩題:
(1) He has two children, and both of _____ are abroad.
A. them B. which C. whom D. who
(2) He has two children, both of _____ are abroad.
A. them B. which C. whom D. who
【分析】第(1)題選A,第(2)題選C。由于第(1)題中用了并列連詞and,從而使整個(gè)句子為并列句,and后應(yīng)是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句,所以選A不選C;第(2)題沒(méi)有并列連詞and,both of whom are abroad為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
二、混淆定語(yǔ)從句與表語(yǔ)(從句)
請(qǐng)看下面的試題:
(1) Your coat is still _____ you left it.
A. where B. there C. there where D. the place where
【分析】答案選A,where引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句(=在…的地方),而不是定語(yǔ)從句。
(2) Is this school _____ your father worked in ten years ago?
A. where B. what C. that D. the one
【分析】答案選D,this school為句子主語(yǔ),the one 為表語(yǔ),your father worked in…為定語(yǔ)從句。不要誤認(rèn)為this是句子主語(yǔ),否則school前應(yīng)加冠詞the。比較:
Is this the school _____ your father worked in ten years ago?
A. where B. what C. that D. the one (選C)
Is this the school _____ your father worked ten years ago?
A. where B. what C. that D. the one (選A)
三、混淆定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句
請(qǐng)看下面的試題:
(1) I went upstairs ______I heard some crying.
A. where B. when C. that D. which
【分析】答案是B而不是A,when的意思是“當(dāng)…的時(shí)候”,引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(upstairs為副詞,不宜用作先行詞)
(2) He is _____ a clever boy _____ we all like.
A. such, that B. such, as C. so, that D. so, as
【分析】答案應(yīng)選B,而不是A。such … that …(如此…以致…)用于引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,其中的that不充當(dāng)句子成分,而such…as…中的as為關(guān)系代詞,用以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在定語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)句子成分。上句中第二空之所以選as,是因?yàn)樗米鲃?dòng)詞like賓語(yǔ)。
四、誤加與關(guān)系代詞同義的人稱(chēng)代詞
誤:He is a man everyone respects him.
正:He is a man everyone respects. 他是一個(gè)人人都敬重的人。