1. 否定副詞位于句首時的倒裝

在正式文體中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意義的副詞若位于句首，則其后要用部分倒裝：

I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會寬恕他。

He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃飯。

She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她幾乎沒時間聽音樂。

He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is.

他不甚明白這個會議的重要性。

We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我們剛到機(jī)場,飛機(jī)就起飛了。

【注意】

(1) 對于not…until句型，當(dāng)not until…位于句首時，其后的主句要用倒裝語序：

He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才離開這房間。

(2) 某些起副詞作用的介詞短語，由于含有否定詞，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒裝：

On no accounts must this switch be touched. 這個開關(guān)是絕不能觸摸的。

In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.無論如何我也不會再借錢給他了。

但是，in no time(立即，馬上)位于句首時，其后無需用倒裝語序：

In no time he worked out the problem. 他馬上就算出了那道題。

2.“only+狀語”位于句首時的倒裝

當(dāng)一個狀語受副詞only的修飾且置于句首時，其后用部分倒裝語序：

Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那時他才意識到他錯了。

Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用這種方法才能把它做好。

Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened.

當(dāng)他回到家里時，才知道出了什么事。

3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首時的倒裝

副詞so后接形容詞或副詞位于句首時，其后用部分倒裝：

So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天氣太冷，我們只好呆在家里。

So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.

光速很快，我們幾乎沒法想像它的速度。

So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape.

襲擊來得非常突然，我們來不及逃跑。