動(dòng)名詞

I．要點(diǎn)

動(dòng)名詞既具有動(dòng)詞的一些特征，又具有名詞的句法功能。

１、動(dòng)名詞的形式，以write為例。

式| 語(yǔ)態(tài)

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

一般式

writing

being written

完成式

having written

having been written

否定式not +動(dòng)名詞

２、動(dòng)名詞的用法

（１）作主語(yǔ)

Playing football is my favorite sport.

Travelling with friends at weekend is fun.

作主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜且長(zhǎng)時(shí)，可用it作形式主語(yǔ)。如：

It is fun travelling with friends at weekend.

（２）作賓語(yǔ)

I enjoy playing PC game.

He gave up writing five years ago.

（３）作表語(yǔ)

What he hated most was doing nothing.

Seeing is believing.

動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)常是無生命名詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。

（４）作定語(yǔ)

There's a dining room in my school.

All the people watching laughed.

（５）動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)"物主代詞（或名詞的所有格）+動(dòng)名詞"。如：

Tom's going home late made her mother angry.

Would you mind my opening the window?

不過，動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)在遇到以下情況時(shí)，必須用名詞的普通格（或人稱代詞的賓格）。

①無生命名詞

The girls were afraid of the door suddenly closing.

Fire burns better by oxygen being at work.

②有生命名詞，但表泛指。

Have you ever heard of girls smoking?

③兩個(gè)以上的有生命的名詞并列。

Do you still remember my parents and me coming to see you that day?

3．后面常接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)

mind, enjoy, finish, consider, practise, imagine,

keep, suggest, advise, allow, permit,

be worth doing, be used to doing, be busy doing,

can't help doing, it is no good doing, it is no use doing,

look forward to doing, stick to doing, pay attention to doing,

devote to doing, lead to doing

II．例題

例１She says she doesn't feel like ____ out with you.

A going B to go C for going D went

解析：該題正確答案為A。feel like = want, 此處like 為介詞，后面要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)

例２The garden needs ____.

A water B watering C to water D watered

解析：該題正確答案為B。need = want = require. 如果物作主語(yǔ)，此三者后要接動(dòng)名詞或to be done這一結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)。

例３Excuse me ____ you.

A interrupting B to interrupt

C interrupted D to have interrupted

解析：該題正確答案為A。excuse 后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，此句中的me為動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)（常用于口語(yǔ)中）。